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Cyberpunk, the Postglobal and the Posthuman

A website by the students in Dr. Todd's XCOR 3020 class at Xavier University of Louisiana

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Author: Jacob S.

Merging with the Wild: What Animal Would I Hybridize With and Why?

27 November 2024 Jacob S.
Reading Time: 2 minutes

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to be part animal? The idea of hybridizing with another species is not only a fascinating topic from a science fiction or biopunk perspective but also offers a deeper philosophical question: How much of our humanity would we be willing to give up to take on the traits of another creature? In this blog post, I’ll dive into my own choice of animal hybridization and reflect on what it means to balance the line between human and animal.

The Chosen Hybrid: Falcon

If I could hybridize with any animal, my choice would be the falcon. Falcons are known for their incredible speed, keen vision, and sharp instincts—qualities that fascinate me. As someone interested in veterinary medicine and understanding how the animal body works, I’ve always been captivated by animals’ physical abilities, and the falcon represents an apex of efficiency and precision. Imagine having the speed to soar across the sky at over 200 miles per hour, cutting through the air with razor-sharp focus. The ability to see vast distances and notice the smallest details in the environment would be invaluable in both professional and personal life. It would allow me to observe and assess situations from a different perspective, similar to how I approach learning and problem-solving in my studies.

How Far Would I Go?

Now, when it comes to how much of my humanity I’d be willing to give up, I’d want a limited but impactful hybridization. I would keep my human form but integrate the falcon’s vision and flight abilities. The thrill of flight, the freedom of seeing the world from the sky—it’s tempting! However, I wouldn’t want to give up my emotional connection with others, my empathy, or my ability to communicate and collaborate. While it would be amazing to physically embody the falcon’s speed and agility, keeping the core aspects of my human identity, such as empathy and my commitment to working with and helping others (especially animals), is essential. After all, it’s those very qualities that drive my passion for veterinary medicine. For me, this hybridization would be about enhancing my abilities without losing the core of who I am as a human.

A Balance Between Human and Animal

Hybridization in this context asks us to consider what it means to merge with another species while preserving our human qualities. How much are we willing to sacrifice to gain new abilities, and how do we define those boundaries? In my case, the falcon offers both physical prowess and a new perspective on life, but I would limit that transformation to specific traits—remaining grounded (figuratively, at least) in my human experience.

What about you? If you had the chance to hybridize with an animal, which one would you choose, and how much of yourself would you be willing to let go?


Beyond Nature: The Future of Human Augmentation in Our Lifetime

27 November 2024 Jacob S.
Reading Time: 3 minutes

What’s Next for Humanity?

As I reflect on what we’ve learned in this course, one question keeps surfacing: What will it mean to be human in a world where technology allows us to transcend our natural limits? Human augmentation—ranging from prosthetics and neural interfaces to genetic engineering—has evolved rapidly, and the next few decades promise even more groundbreaking developments. From curing diseases to enhancing cognitive abilities, the options for becoming “more than nature intended” seem limitless. But with these opportunities come tough questions about ethics, identity, and the essence of humanity.

What Could the Future Hold?

By the mid-21st century, we may see a world where human augmentation is as common as smartphones are today. Here are a few possibilities:

  1. Neural Implants and Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs):
    Companies like Neuralink are already making strides in creating BCIs that allow humans to communicate directly with machines. These implants could enhance memory, enable telepathic communication, or even provide instant access to vast amounts of information.
  2. Genetic Modifications:
    Advances in CRISPR and gene therapy may allow us to edit our DNA to prevent hereditary diseases or enhance physical and cognitive traits. Imagine being able to boost your metabolism, improve your eyesight, or even increase your resistance to viruses.
  3. Advanced Prosthetics and Exoskeletons:
    Prosthetics will continue to improve, providing not just replacements for lost limbs but enhancements that surpass natural human strength and dexterity. Exoskeletons could allow workers to lift heavy objects with ease or enable paraplegics to walk again.
  4. Biological Augmentations:
    Innovations like bioengineered organs or synthetic skin could extend lifespans and improve quality of life, making once-fatal conditions manageable or curable.

What Would I Choose?

The allure of human augmentation is undeniable, but it’s essential to weigh the benefits and risks. Here are the adaptations I would consider and those I find unacceptable:

What I Would Try:

  • Cognitive Enhancements:
    A neural implant that improves memory or speeds up learning would be life-changing. Imagine mastering a new language in days or retaining every piece of knowledge you’ve ever acquired. This feels like a natural extension of our thirst for knowledge.
  • Medical Augmentations:
    If I faced a debilitating illness, I would embrace gene therapy or bioengineered organs without hesitation. These advancements align closely with the goals of traditional medicine—healing and preserving life.

What I Would Avoid:

  • Cosmetic Augmentations:
    Enhancements aimed solely at aesthetic perfection seem unnecessary and potentially harmful. They could deepen societal pressures around beauty and contribute to new forms of inequality.
  • Full Mind Uploads:
    The idea of transferring my consciousness to a digital form feels like a step too far. As Katherine Hayles discusses in How We Became Posthuman, separating the mind from the body could strip away what makes us human: our embodied experiences and emotions.

The Ethics of Augmentation

While these technologies hold incredible promise, they also raise serious ethical concerns. Will they be accessible to all, or will they exacerbate the gap between the wealthy and the poor? How do we ensure that human augmentation enhances society rather than dividing it? These are questions we must confront as these technologies become reality.


Final Thoughts

Human augmentation will likely define the next phase of our evolution, blurring the line between biology and technology. In my lifetime, I expect to see remarkable advancements that will improve lives, challenge societal norms, and redefine what it means to be human. However, we must proceed thoughtfully, ensuring that these changes respect our shared humanity.

From Fiction to Reality: Are We Heading Towards a Cyberpunk Corporate Dystopia?

27 November 2024 Jacob S.
Reading Time: 3 minutes

With its vivid portrayal of powerful corporations and unchecked technological growth, the cyberpunk genre offers more than just captivating stories—it provides a lens through which we can view modern society. Whether in classic works like Blade Runner or Neuromancer, the future depicted often involves a world where giant, shadowy conglomerates dominate every aspect of life. This raises an important question: Are today’s corporations moving in that direction, or are these stories simply exaggerated critiques?

One of the most compelling examples is the Tyrell Corporation from Blade Runner. With its motto, “More human than human,” Tyrell represents the relentless drive for profit through artificial intelligence and bioengineering, pushing ethical boundaries to the breaking point. The corporation’s unchecked power allows it to create replicants—synthetic beings used for labor—without facing any real accountability. This suggests that when profit is the primary focus, ethical concerns can quickly be sidelined.

Similarly, Neuromancer introduces the Tessier-Ashpool family, a powerful dynasty that blurs the line between corporate and personal influence. This family operates with a level of secrecy and autonomy that feels almost feudal, manipulating artificial intelligence and pursuing immortality through cybernetic enhancements. These elements force us to consider how far corporations could go if they operate without oversight.

But how does this fictional narrative compare to the real world? While it might sound extreme to say corporations today are on the verge of total control, there are certainly parallels. Major tech companies such as Google, Amazon, and Meta have vast influence over communication, data, and even political processes. The Cambridge Analytica scandal, where personal data was harvested to sway political outcomes, is one example that feels eerily similar to cyberpunk themes. Additionally, pharmaceutical companies have shown how profit-driven motives can affect public health, with the high cost of insulin in the U.S. serving as a striking reminder of how corporate interests can impact everyday lives.

The “pill funders” in Machinehood offer another thought-provoking parallel. These entities control access to essential biotechnological enhancements and dictate the flow of information. This is a critique that resonates when we look at today’s pharmaceutical monopolies. The prioritization of profit over accessibility creates real consequences, echoing the darker themes of cyberpunk stories.

So, are we heading toward a corporate dystopia? Maybe not—at least, not yet. The extreme portrayal of the Tyrell Corporation serves as a hyperbolic warning, but it’s a warning rooted in reality. These narratives push us to question the growing intersection of corporate ambition, technology, and ethics. Studying the cyberpunk genre has opened my eyes to the fine line between speculation and reality. It’s a reminder that today’s corporations could evolve into tomorrow’s dystopian overlords without regulation and accountability.

The Neon Dreams and Dark Realities of Blade Runner and Neuromancer

10 October 2024 Jacob S.
Reading Time: 2 minutes

The cyberpunk genre was founded on the works of Blade Runner (1982) and Neuromancer (1984), whose descriptions of vast, dystopian cities have come to symbolize the genre stands for. These cities are characterized by a blend of low-life existence and high-tech innovations. The environment is filled with tall skyscrapers towering over the crumbling urban sprawl and neon lights reflecting off rain-soaked streets. In both works, the contrast between wealth and poverty, futuristic technology, and urban decay emphasizes the cyberpunk theme of society collapsing when there is major technological advancement.

Hyper realistic cyberpunk skyscraper in the rain on Craiyon

In Blade Runner, Ridley Scott depicts a chaotic, overcrowded Los Angeles in 2019. The city is full of tall skyscrapers, dimly lit alleys, and nonstop rain, all illuminated by neon signs. The wealthy elite lives in the city’s upper classes, while the poor and marginalized people all belong the lower classes. The divide creates a striking contrast between the rich and the poor. By bringing together advanced technologies—such as flying cars and replicants—with the existence of urban poverty and street markets, the visual landscape highlights the chasm between those who have gained from technological advancements and those who have fallen behind.

Similarly, William Gibson’s Neuromancer imagines a dystopian future in which urban decay and technological advancement characterize cities like Chiba City. Chiba City is said to be a place where “the sky was the color of television, tuned to a dead channel.” The low-life element is always present in the form of criminal organizations, street vendors, and hackers like Case. Still, the neon lights of its streets, with their vibrant and artificial glow, reflect the technological influence that permeates the city. It again creates another stark contrast with the decaying urban landscape. Soaring megacorporations dominate the huge cityscapes, but beneath their control is a world where underprivileged people struggle to make ends meet while being in the shadows of these powerful companies.

Conclusion

Technology is expected to be more advanced in the future, as shown in Blade Runner and Neuromancer, but people will be more disengaged with each other than ever because of technology. The cities depict by these works within the cyberpunk genre are brimming with life, but it’s a life that’s often dehumanized because of the emphasis on technological advancement. People at the bottom of society struggle to survive in an environment dominated by corporations and machines. The characteristic neon-lit cityscapes and the ‘high-tech, low-life’ dynamic have consolodated these works as essential foundations of the cyberpunk genre, influencing its thematic and visual display over the years.

Cyborgs and the Fight for Fluid Identity: Haraway Meets Monáe

10 October 2024 Jacob S.
Reading Time: 3 minutes

In 1985, Donna Haraway released her Cyborg Manifesto, which displayed her vision on identity that is beyond traditional boundaries of gender, class, and biology. For Haraway, the cyborg was a symbol of resistance to social structures that have the purpose of defining who we are based on categories. Fast forward to 2018, Janelle Monáe’s Dirty Computer explores similar themes. Janelle Monáe’s song paints a picture of a future where people who don’t conform to societal norms are persecuted. In Dirty Computer, Monáe creates an image where individual expression is a form of rebellion. Together, Haraway’s manifesto and Monáe’s album imagine a future where identity isn’t structured and where standing up to conformity is seen a survival.

Cyborgs: Breaking Down Boundaries

The cyborg described by Haraway does not fit perfectly into categories like: human, machine, male or female. For Haraway, the cyborg is a metaphor for how identity is not easily boxed into one thing. Identity is something that exists in a fluid space, always shifting, and doesn’t stick to the binaries of society. This same concept is exactly what Janelle Monáe explores in Dirty Computer. In song like “PYNK,” Monáe celebrates womanhood but does so in a way that doesn’t confine it to biology or societal definitions. The lyric “Pink, as we all go insane” suggests shared experiences among women that no woman will perfectly fit societies standards and that it is fine to reject rigid labels. Similarly, in “I Like That,” Monáe embraces her multifaceted identity, showing us that it’s okay to exist outside the lines society draws for us.

Post-Gender Dreams and Dystopian Realities

A major concept in Cyborg Manifesto is the rejection of essentialism—the idea that who we are is defined by our biology. Haraway imagines a post-gender world where identity is not bound to traditional categories. The dream of fluidity is also central to Dirty Computer. Monáe’s album is a reflection of the real world, where gender norms and expectations can be suffocating. Those who don’t conform are labeled as “dirty,” but rather than run from that label, Monáe’s embraces it. The album becomes a celebration of self-expression and defiance against a system that tries to erase non-conforming individuals. Both Haraway and Monáe suggest that embracing our complex, hybrid identities is where true change lies.

Surveillance, Control, and the Fight for Autonomy

In both of these works, there’s a focus on how society uses surveillance and control to police bodies. Haraway’s cyborg exists outside of these systems and resists the forces of patriarch, capitalism, and colonialism that try to categorize and exploit people. Similarly, Monáe’s “dirty computers” are under constant surveillance, their identities erased unless they submit to societal expectations. However, both Haraway and Monáe see hope in resistance. Haraway’s cyborg resists being placed into any category while Monáe refuses to be “cleaned,” ultimately fighting back against a system that seeks to erase individuality. Claiming the parts of ourselves that don’t fit neatly into society’s boxes, is a form of defiance that both Haraway and Monáe see as something needed for the possibility of a better future.

Conclusion: Embracing the Hybrid

At first glance, Cyborg Manifesto and Dirty Computer might seem worlds apart—one is an academic essay from the 80s, and the other is a modern concept album. Both of these works are connected by their explorations of identity, fluidity, and resistance. Haraway’s cyborg represents the breaking down of boundaries between categories like human and machine, male and female, while Monáe’s album embodies the same fight for individuality in a world that demands for conformity. Together, they show us that the future does not belong to those who fit neatly into categories, but to those who resist and embrace the complexity of who they are.


Supplemental Media:

  • Music Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PaYvlVR_BEc
  • Link to Haraway’s Cyborg Manifesto: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XiF9SBrzWoU
  • Timeline Graphic: https://medium.com/@opaka/the-history-of-cyborgs-in-pop-culture-and-how-theyve-been-represented-over-the-years-d1467e929cf3

Is it Human or is it AI?

10 September 2024 Jacob S.
Reading Time: 2 minutes

Shifting Boundary: Human and Artificial Intelligence

One of the most significant boundary shifts in recent years has been the blurring line between human and artificial intelligence, particularly in the realm of content creation and conversation.

What has changed:

In the past five years, there have been remarkable advancements in AI language models and generative AI. These technologies have begun to produce content – including text, images, and even code – that is increasingly difficult to distinguish from human-created work. An example of this is the development and public release of large language models like GPT-3 and the ones that have come after it. These AI’s can engage in human-like conversations, write coherent articles, create art, and even assist in coding tasks.

In 2022, an AI-generated artwork won a fine arts competition at the Colorado State Fair, sparking debates about the nature of creativity and authorship. This event highlighted how the boundary between human and AI-generated content is becoming increasingly blurred. You can read more about this specific incident in this article from The New York Times: “An A.I.-Generated Picture Won an Art Prize. Artists Aren’t Happy.” Another example is the use of AI in film and television production. In 2023, the film “The Creator” utilized AI to generate entire scenes and characters, pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in visual effects and storytelling. This represents a significant shift from traditional CGI and practical effects, again blurring the line between human and AI-generated content in cinema.

What has prompted this change?

There are several factors have contributed to this shift:

1. Advancements in machine learning algorithms: The development of more sophisticated neural networks and training techniques has allowed AI to process and generate more complex and nuanced content.

2. Increased computing power: The availability of more powerful hardware has enabled the training of larger, more capable AI models.

3. Investment from tech companies: Major corporations and startups have poured significant resources into AI research and development.

4. Public interest and engagement: As these technologies have become more accessible, there’s been increased public participation in using and testing them, leading to further refinement and development.

Links:

  1. https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/movies/2023/09/29/the-creator-ai/
  2. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/02/technology/ai-artificial-intelligence-artists.html
  3. https://www.technologyreview.com/2022/12/16/1065305/the-rise-of-ai-art-and-what-it-means-for-human-creativity/

Recent Posts

  • The Future of Human Augmentation
  • Breaking Boundaries: Janelle Monáe’s Dirty Computer and Haraway’s Cyborg Vision
  • Rise of Cyberpunk Corporate Power? A Possible Reality or Completely Fictional?
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